The sole body of advisors from outside the federal government charged with making science, technology, and innovation policy recommendations to the President and the White House. Established by Executive Order, it is an independent Federal Advisory Committee comprised of distinguished individuals from industry, academia, and non-profit organizations with a range of perspectives and expertise.

This illustrious group is typically comprised of approximately 30 members. Many are drawn from the 'National Academy of Science, Engineering and Medicine'. The group often includes several Nobel laureates and other recipients of prestigious peer-vetted recognition.