Son-in-law of Kazakhstan's President Nursultan Nazarbaev; mentioned in recently revealed diplomatic cables as main operator of Kazakh economy. Owns large stake in Halyk, Kazakhstan's second-largest lender by assets (wife Dinara Kulibaeva, has a separate billion dollar fortune and also owns shares). Deputy CEO of country's sovereign wealth fund, Samruk-Kazyna. Also chairs national oil and gas company KazMunaiGas, national railway company Kazakhstan TemirZholy. Will benefit if upcoming referendum allows Nazarbaev to remain in power another twenty years. Under investigation by Swiss authorities for alleged money laundering; denies the allegations, calling them politically motivated.