| Notes |
THE PONTIFICAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
and THE FOUNDATION FOR WORLD WIDE COOPERATION
Conference on
CONNECTIVITY
AS A HUMAN RIGHT
10 October 2017 | Casina Pio IV | Vatican City

Humanity has entered a new era in which our technical prowess has brought us to a crossroads. We are the beneficiaries of two centuries of enormous waves of change: steam engines, railways, the telegraph, electricity, automobiles, aeroplanes, chemical industries, modern medicine, information technology and, more recently, the digital revolution, robotics, biotechnologies and nanotechnologies. It is right to rejoice in these advances and to be excited by the immense possibilities which they continue to open up before us, for “science and technology are wonderful products of a God-given human creativity”.The modification of nature for useful purposes has distinguished the human family from the beginning; technology itself “expresses the inner tension that impels man gradually to overcome material limitations”. Technology has remedied countless evils which used to harm and limit human beings. How can we not feel gratitude and appreciation for this progress, especially in the fields of medicine, engineering and communications? How could we not acknowledge the work of many scientists and engineers who have provided alternatives to make development sustainable?
Pope Francis, Laudato si’, paragraph 102.
Introduction
As the world’s primary means of enabling learn- ing, delivering knowledge, providing health care, enhancing agriculture, saving the environment, creating jobs, and understanding each other, the Inter- net is moving from commercial service to public utility. Still 3 billion people have no connection. The next step should become for them a human right.
Human rights are free and being human is the only requirement to be eligible. Free to every human who may need it is not cost free to society. Like public schools, street-lights, roads and sidewalks, it becomes the responsibility of civic society thereafter to manage, maintain, bid and subcontract the constituent parts in a competitive, innovative, free market manner. Like pri- mary healthcare, public education, rule of law, police and defense forces.
Education, a special and important case, is the fast- est road to dignity and freedom. It can no longer be a toll road. We can say that “a school without connectivity is not a school for the 21st century” and that all stu- dents and teachers have the right to be connected. For those who are disabled to be connected to the digital environment may change their lives. The same applies for a continued education, in particular for senior elders and the poor, who are mostly excluded from the digital resources.
The cost to connect every human being worldwide is far less than 0.1% of what we currently spent on war. Surely that is a small price to pay to elevate all of so- ciety, eliminate ignorance, alleviate poverty, share basic knowledge, and work toward world peace by better un- derstanding each other.
Connectivity as a Human Right  3
Programme
TUESDAY, 10 OCTOBER 2017
WELCOME
9.00 Joachim von Braun, President of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences
9.05  H.E. Msgr. Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo, Chancellor of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences
INTRODUCTION Moderator: Joachim von Braun
9.10 Romano Prodi | The Right to Connectivity
9:25 Discussion
9:35 Nicholas Negroponte | Worldwide Free Internet through a Global Public Sector 9:50 Discussion
10:00 Jeffrey Sachs | Why Connectivity is Vital for the Sustainable Development Goals 10:15 Discussion
10:25 Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka | Women’s Rights are Connected Rights
10:40  Discussion
10:50 Coffee Break
HUMAN RIGHTS DOCTRINE IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS Moderator: Alessandro Ovi
11:05 Ronald Daniels | Introduction
11:20 Discussion
11:30 Gianni Magazzeni | UN Decisions and Proposals 11:45  Discussion
Free Versus Affordable / Public Sector, Telcos
11:55 Denis O’Brien | The Role of Silicon Valley in the Development of Broadband in the Developing World 12:10 Discussion
12:20 Roberto Viola | Connecting Europe
12:35  Discussion
DIRECT AND DERIVATIVE BENEFITS Moderator: Antonio M. Battro
Education
12:45 Miguel Brechner | Technology as a Driver of New Pedagogies for the 21st Century 13:00 Discussion
13:10 Matt Keller | Global Learning
13:25 Discussion
13:35 Lunch at the Casina Pio IV
15:00 General Discussion | Discussant: Molly Burhans
4  Connectivity as a Human Right
Health and Job Creation
15:15
Joachim von Braun | Connectivity for All in Rural Areas – Improving Agriculture, Food Security and Employment
15:30
Discussion
15:40
Máximo Torero | ICTs and Health: Opportunities and Barriers
15:55
Discussion
16:05
Giusella Finocchiaro | The Legal and the Social Perspective
16:20
Discussion
16:30
General Discussion | Discussant: Tara Ramanathan
16:45
Coffee Break
TECHNICAL MEANS , METHODS AND GLOBAL ADVOCACY Moderator: Roberto Viola
Orbital and Terrestrial
17:00
Yael Maguire | Creating a World of Opportunities
17:15
Discussion
17:25
Michael Lubin | We Know the Why and Have the How. Now Who?
17:40
Discussion
17:50
Valeria Termini | The Role of Energy Regulators
18:05
Discussion
Global Advocacy
18:15
Stefano Quintarelli | Radical Digital Change
18:30
Discussion
18:40
General Discussion | Discussant: Dominique Lambert
18:55
Crafting a Final Statement | Moderator: Matt Keller
19:55
End
20:00
Dinner at the Casina Pio IV
Connectivity as a Human Right  5
List of Participants
Speakers
Antonio M. Battro, Member, Pontifical Academy of Sciences and Academia Nacional de Educación, Argentina Joachim von Braun, President, Pontifical Academy of Sciences, Vatican City
Miguel Brechner, President, Plan Ceibal, Uruguay
Ronald Daniels, President, Johns Hopkins University, USA
Giusella Finocchiaro, President, Fondazione del Monte, Italy
Matt Keller, Senior Director, Global Learning XPRIZE, USA
Michael Lubin, Senior Advisor, ViaSat, Inc., USA
Gianni Magazzeni, Chief, UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Geneva, Switzerland Yael Maguire, PhD, Facebook Connectivity Lab, USA
Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka, Under-Secretary-General and Executive Director of UN Women, South Africa Nicholas Negroponte, Professor Emeritus, Co-Founder, MIT Media Lab, Founder, One Laptop per Child, USA Denis O’Brien, Chairman, Digicel, Ireland
Alessandro Ovi, Vicepresident, Foundation for World Wide Cooperation, Italy
Romano Prodi, President, World Wide Cooperation, former Primer Minister, Italy
Stefano Quintarelli, Member of Parliament, Italy
Jeffrey Sachs, Professor, Columbia University and Special Advisor to UN Secretary-General, USA
Msgr. Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo, Chancellor, Pontifical Academy of Sciences, Vatican City
Valeria Termini, Member, Collegio dell’Autorità per l’Energia Elettrica, il GAS e il Sistema Idrico (AEEGSI), Italy Máximo Torero, Executive Director for Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, Perú and Uruguay, World Bank Roberto Viola, Director General of DG CONNECT (Directorate General of Communication, Networks, Content and
Technology) at the European Commission
Discussants
Molly Burhans, Director, Goodlands, USA
Dominique Lambert, Professor, Faculty of Science and Faculty of Philosophy, University of Namur, Belgium Tara Ramanathan, Director, Nexleaf, USA
Observers
Gilles Dowek
Jennifer Elisseeff Daniela Flamini
Maria Amata Garito Giuseppe Guzzetti
John McCaffrey Salvatore Luigi Parlatore Diana Rusu
Elisabetta Sabatini Sonia Sachs
Ritu Sharma
Hugo Trentesaux Danilo Türk
Lorenzo Zambernardi Roberto Zamora Maria José Zamora
6  Connectivity as a Human Right
MEMORANDUM
1. On 10 October 2017 a bus will leave the Domus Sanctae Marthae at 8:40 a.m. for the Headquarters of the Academy (Casina Pius IV). A bus will depart from the Academy after dinner at the end of the afternoon sessions to take participants back to the Domus Sanctae Marthae. Lunch and dinner for the participants will be served at the Academy.
2. If you are coming to the Academy on your own, please enter the Vatican through the Sant’Uffizio Gate or Perugino Gate. Please make sure you bring your passport/ID since you will be crossing the Vatican City State border. The Vatican guards will have a list of the invitees.
3. Could you please let us know, as soon as possible, if you have any dietary restrictions, food allergies and/or religious restrictions.
4. WiFi is available in the conference hall at the Casina Pio IV. Please log in to the network called WLAN_PADS (WPA2). Type !!WIFI_2017_PADS!! as the password. You can check our website www.pas.va for further information on the Academy, the Academicians, and current and past events.
Vers. N. 12 | 9 October 2017 Connectivity as a Human Right  7
Chiesa di Santo Stefano degli Abissini
St Stephen of the Abyssinians Church
Ingresso del Perugino
The ‘Perugino’ gate
Domus Sanctae Marthae
Altare Tomba S. Pietro
Altar of St Peter’s Tomb
Ingresso Sant’Uffizio
The ‘Sant’Uffizio’ gate
Sede della Pontificia Accademia delle Scienze
Seat of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences
(Casina Pio IV)
Ingresso Musei Vaticani
Entrance gate to the Vatican Museum
Ingresso Sant’Anna
The ‘Sant’Anna’ gate
MEDIA ENQUIRIES
All journalists and media
organizations wishing to apply for accreditation may request TEMPORARY accreditation through the online form
of the Media Operations Section of the Holy See Press Office website: http:// press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/ en/accrediti/pubblico/ accredito.
html Journalists and media organizations regularly accredited at the Holy See Press Office may send their request through the usual channels. All requests must be sent no less than 48 hours before the event.
I giornalisti e gli operatori media
che intendono partecipare devono inviare richiesta di accreditamento TEMPORANEO attraverso il modulo disponibile online nella sezione
accrediti del sito della Sala Stampa della Santa Sede: press.vatican. va/accreditamenti. Coloro che già dispongono di accredito ordinario valido devono inviare una richiesta di partecipazione secondo le consuete modalità. Tutte le richieste dovranno pervenire entro 48 ore dall’evento.
Todos los periodistas y gráficos
que deseen participar deben enviar una solicitud de acreditación TEMPORAL a través del módulo que está disponible online en la sección de acreditaciones
de la página web de la Oficina de Prensa de la Santa Sede: press.vatican.va/ accreditamenti. Los que ya dispongan de acreditación normal válida, deben enviar una solicitud de participación según la modalidad habitual. Todas
las peticiones deberán hacerse al
menos 48 horas antes del evento.
THE PONTIFICAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES | CASINA PIO IV | V-00120 VATICAN CITY Tel: +39 0669883195 | Fax: +39 0669885218 | Email: pas@pas.va
For further information please visit: www.pas.va
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