Nellie Ohr earned a degree in history and Russian literature at Harvard and received a doctorate degree from Stanford in history. For a time she was an assistant professor at Vassar College before moving on to work as an independent contractor doing research and translation projects having to do with Russian science and technology. She is also a member of the Women in International Security, an organization that is "dedicated to advancing the leadership and professional development of women in the field of international peace and security." Nellie Ohr entered the controversy surrounding the Steele dossier because she was working for Fusion GPS, a commercial research and strategic intelligence firm based in Washington, D.C., which had hired Christopher Steele. She reportedly worked for the firm during the 2016 election.