Cruickshank's career has included assignments at McKinsey & Co. Inc., Times Newspapers, Virgin Group plc., Wandsworth Health Authority, National Health Service in Scotland, the United Kingdom's Office of Telecommunications (Oftel) and London Stock Exchange plc. In addition, he served as chairman of Action 2000, the United Kingdom's millennium bug campaign. Cruickshank graduated master of arts from the University of Aberdeen in 1963, became a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland in 1967, and is a graduate of Manchester Business School. Cruickshank's experience at Oftel enabled him to develop a keen grasp of technology developments, particularly in network and mobile communications. He was instrumental in accelerating competition in the U.K. market, in assisting the U.K. and U.S. governments to open up the North Atlantic international market, and in prompting the European Union Commission to introduce competition across Europe. In 2000, Cruickshank was named chairman of the London Stock Exchange plc. In this role, he was able to successfully transform a members' club to a fully commercial listed company. In this period the Exchange's contribution to the development of an EU single market in financial services was significant. Cruickshank is a member of the Financial Reporting Council for the U.K. The Council has the responsibility for oversight of the accounting and actuarial professions in the U.K. as well as the Combined Code, the U.K. equivalent of Sarbanes Oxley.