A Representative from Alabama; born in Sumter, Sumter County, S.C., January 15, 1943; graduated, Edmunds High School, Sumter, S.C., 1961; B.A., Presbyterian College, Clinton, S.C., 1965; M.A., Emory University, Atlanta, Ga., 1971; Ph.D., Emory University, Atlanta, Ga., 1971; sportswriter, Atlanta Journal, 1966; investigator, United States Civil Service Commission, Atlanta, 1966-1968; professor of political science, Jacksonville State University, Alabama, 1971-1987; president, Data Associates, Anniston, Alabama, 1978-1987; Alabama state representative, 1982-1986; secretary of state, Alabama, 1987-1989; elected as a Democrat to the One Hundred First Congress, by special election, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of United States Representative William F. Nichols, and reelected to the three succeeding Congresses (April 4, 1989-January 3, 1997); was not a candidate for reelection to the United States House of Representatives in 1996, but was an unsuccessful candidate for nomination to the United States Senate.