VICE was launched in 1994 as a 'punk zine' and has since expanded into a leading global youth media company with bureaus in over 30 countries. Founded more than as a punk magazine in Montreal, Vice rode a rising tide of investment from media heavyweights like A&E Networks, Disney and the private-equity firm TPG to a valuation of $5.7 billion. But the company has suffered a dramatic reversal of fortune and struggled to live up to its eye-popping valuation as the market for digital media cratered, leaving its financial backers and employees without a return on their investment. VICE once operated the world’s premier original online video destination, VICE.COM, an international network of digital channels, a television production studio, a magazine, a record label, an in-house creative services agency and a book-publishing division. VICE’s digital channels included The Creators Project, dedicated to the arts and creativity, Motherboard, covering cultural happenings in technology, and Noisey, a music discovery channel. VICE boasted over 60 established shows that cover everything from current events to sex to investigative reporting to music to kittens.